The Craft Yarn Council's numbered weight system (0 through 7) is what most yarn labels, patterns, and shops use to describe yarn thickness. It's a rough category, not an exact measurement, since two yarns in the same numbered category can still knit up slightly differently depending on fiber and ply. Treat these ranges as a starting point for picking yarn and needles, then confirm with a gauge swatch.

Standard yarn weight categories
#CategoryKnit gauge (sts/4in)US needleCrochet hook
0Lace33-40000-1 (1.5-2.25mm)B-1 and steel hooks
1Super Fine (Sock, Fingering, Baby)27-321-3 (2.25-3.25mm)B-1 to E-4 (2.25-3.5mm)
2Fine (Sport, Baby)23-263-5 (3.25-3.75mm)E-4 to 7 (3.5-4.5mm)
3Light (DK, Light Worsted)21-245-7 (3.75-4.5mm)7 to I-9 (4.5-5.5mm)
4Medium (Worsted, Afghan, Aran)16-207-9 (4.5-5.5mm)I-9 to K-10.5 (5.5-6.5mm)
5Bulky (Chunky, Craft, Rug)12-159-11 (5.5-8mm)K-10.5 to M-13 (6.5-9mm)
6Super Bulky (Super Chunky, Roving)7-1111-17 (8-12.75mm)M-13 to Q (9-15mm)
7Jumbo6 or fewer17 and up (12.75mm+)Q and up (15mm+)

The categories exist to give patterns and yarn substitutions a common language, so a pattern written for "worsted weight" points you toward roughly the right yarn even if you're shopping a different brand than the designer used. Category 3 (light/DK) and category 4 (medium/worsted) sit closest together and get confused most often, since both are common sweater and blanket weights with overlapping gauge ranges.

Fiber content shifts things at the edges. A fuzzy mohair-blend lace yarn and a smooth cotton lace yarn can both sit in category 0 by gauge, but they'll behave very differently in a project. The number tells you roughly what needle to reach for. It doesn't tell you how the fabric will drape, felt, or hold a stitch pattern.